Σ´ó¹¤³Ì¹Ü¿ØÊǹ¤³Ì½¨ÉèÖÐÖصãÖ®Öص㣬Êǹ¤³Ì¼àÀí¿ØÖƵĹؼüÖ®Ò»£¬Ò²ÊǼàÀíÊÂÇ°¡¢ÊÂÖпØÖƵÄÒ»ÏîÖØÒª¹¤×÷¡£
1 µ±Ç°Î£´ó¹¤³ÌÊ©¹¤¼àÀíÏÖ×´¼°¸Ä½ø½¨Òé
Ïֽ׶θ÷²Î½¨µ¥Î»ÔÚ¹¤³Ì¹ÜÀí¡¢¼¼ÊõˮƽÉϲβÆ룬ÔÚΣ´ó¹¤³ÌÆÀ¹À¡¢·½°¸±àÖÆ¡¢ÉóºË¡¢¼àÀíÉó²é¡¢ÊµÊ©µÈ¹¤×÷ÖÊÁ¿ÉÏ´¦ÓÚ±»¶¯£¬´æÔÚ×ÅäĿÐÔ¡¢ËæÒâÐÔ¡¢¡°ÈýÎ¥¡±µÈ²»Á¼ÐÐΪ£¬´Ó¶øÒ×Ôì³ÉÉú²ú°²È«Òþ»¼»òʹʷ¢Éú¡£
Ò»µ©Ê¹ʷ¢Éúºó×·¾¿ÔðÈÎʱ£¬¼àÀí»ú¹¹Òò¼àÀíÖ°ÔðȱʧÒ×±»×·Ôð£¬ÉõÖÁ²¿·Ö¼àÀíÈËÔ±±»×·¾¿ÐÌÊÂÔðÈΡ£ËùÒÔ£¬Î£´ó¹¤³Ì¹Ü¿Ø¶Ô¼àÀí»ú¹¹¹¤×÷ÓÈΪÖØÒª£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²ÊǼàÀí¸ßÖÊÁ¿·þÎñµÄÖØÒªÌåÏÖ¡£
Ϊ¼ÓÇ¿¶Ô·¿Îݽ¨ÖþºÍÊÐÕþ»ù´¡ÉèÊ©¹¤³ÌÖÐΣÏÕÐԽϴóµÄ·Ö²¿·ÖÏ³Ì°²È«¹ÜÀí£¬ÓÐЧ·À·¶Éú²ú°²È«Ê¹ʣ¬×¡½¨²¿ÏȺó³ǫ̈ÁË¡¶Î£ÏÕÐԽϴóµÄ·Ö²¿·ÖÏ³Ì°²È«¹ÜÀí¹æ¶¨¡·£¨×¡½¨²¿¡²2018¡³37ºÅÁ¡¢¡¶Î£ÏÕÐԽϴóµÄ·Ö²¿·ÖÏ³Ì°²È«¹ÜÀí¹æ¶¨¡·ÓйØÎÊÌâµÄ֪ͨ£¨½¨°ìÖÊ¡²2018¡³31ºÅÎÄ£©µÈÎļþ£¬½áºÏÎļþ¼°Ïà¹ØÒªÇó£¬Ö÷Òª´ÓΣ´ó¹¤³Ìʶ±ð¡¢»ã×Ü¡¢·½°¸±àÖÆ¡¢×¨¼ÒÂÛÖ¤¡¢¼àÀíÉóÅú¼°ÊµÊ©¼ì²éÑéÊյȷ½Ã棬Ïêϸ²ûÊöÈçºÎʵÏÖ¶ÔΣ´ó¹¤³Ì¸ßÖÊÁ¿¼àÀí¡£
ΣÏÕÐԽϴóµÄ·Ö²¿·ÖÏ³Ì·¶Î§
Ò»¡¢»ù¿Ó¹¤³Ì
£¨Ò»£©¿ªÍÚÉî¶È³¬¹ý3m£¨º¬3m£©µÄ»ù¿Ó£¨²Û£©µÄÍÁ·½¿ªÍÚ¡¢Ö§»¤¡¢½µË®¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨¶þ£©¿ªÍÚÉî¶ÈËä䳬¹ý3m£¬µ«µØÖÊÌõ¼þ¡¢ÖÜΧ»·¾³ºÍµØϹÜÏ߸´ÔÓ£¬»òÓ°ÏìÅþÁÚ½¨¡¢¹¹ÖþÎﰲȫµÄ»ù¿Ó£¨²Û£©µÄÍÁ·½¿ªÍÚ¡¢Ö§»¤¡¢½µË®¹¤³Ì¡£
¶þ¡¢Ä£°å¹¤³Ì¼°Ö§³ÅÌåϵ
£¨Ò»£©¸÷À๤¾ßʽģ°å¹¤³Ì£º°üÀ¨»¬Ä£¡¢ÅÀÄ£¡¢·ÉÄ£¡¢ËíµÀÄ£µÈ¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨¶þ£©»ìÄýÍÁÄ£°åÖ§³Å¹¤³Ì£º´îÉè¸ß¶È5m¼°ÒÔÉÏ£¬»ò´îÉè¿ç¶È10m¼°ÒÔÉÏ£¬»òÊ©¹¤×ܺÉÔØ£¨ºÉÔØЧӦ»ù±¾×éºÏµÄÉè¼ÆÖµ£¬ÒÔϼò³ÆÉè¼ÆÖµ£©10kN/m2¼°ÒÔÉÏ£¬»ò¼¯ÖÐÏߺÉÔØ£¨Éè¼ÆÖµ£©15kN/m¼°ÒÔÉÏ£¬»ò¸ß¶È´óÓÚÖ§³ÅˮƽͶӰ¿í¶ÈÇÒÏà¶Ô¶ÀÁ¢ÎÞÁªÏµ¹¹¼þµÄ»ìÄýÍÁÄ£°åÖ§³Å¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨Èý£©³ÐÖØÖ§³ÅÌåϵ£ºÓÃÓڸֽṹ°²×°µÈÂúÌÃÖ§³ÅÌåϵ¡£
Èý¡¢ÆðÖصõ×°¼°ÆðÖØ»úе°²×°²ðж¹¤³Ì
£¨Ò»£©²ÉÓ÷dz£¹æÆðÖØÉ豸¡¢·½·¨£¬ÇÒµ¥¼þÆðµõÖØÁ¿ÔÚ10kN¼°ÒÔÉϵÄÆðÖصõ×°¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨¶þ£©²ÉÓÃÆðÖØ»úе½øÐа²×°µÄ¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨Èý£©ÆðÖØ»úе°²×°ºÍ²ðж¹¤³Ì¡£
ËÄ¡¢½ÅÊּܹ¤³Ì
£¨Ò»£©´îÉè¸ß¶È24m¼°ÒÔÉϵÄÂäµØʽ¸Ö¹Ü½ÅÊּܹ¤³Ì£¨°üÀ¨²É¹â¾®¡¢µçÌݾ®½ÅÊּܣ©¡£
£¨¶þ£©¸½×ÅʽÉý½µ½ÅÊּܹ¤³Ì¡£
£¨Èý£©ÐüÌôʽ½ÅÊּܹ¤³Ì¡£
£¨ËÄ£©¸ß´¦×÷ÒµµõÀº¡£
£¨Î壩жÁÏƽ̨¡¢²Ù×÷ƽ̨¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨Áù£©ÒìÐͽÅÊּܹ¤³Ì¡£
Îå¡¢²ð³ý¹¤³Ì
¿ÉÄÜÓ°ÏìÐÐÈË¡¢½»Í¨¡¢µçÁ¦ÉèÊ©¡¢Í¨Ñ¶ÉèÊ©»òÆäËü½¨¡¢¹¹ÖþÎﰲȫµÄ²ð³ý¹¤³Ì¡£
Áù¡¢°µÍÚ¹¤³Ì
²ÉÓÿóɽ·¨¡¢¶Ü¹¹·¨¡¢¶¥¹Ü·¨Ê©¹¤µÄËíµÀ¡¢¶´ÊÒ¹¤³Ì¡£
Æß¡¢ÆäËü
£¨Ò»£©½¨ÖþĻǽ°²×°¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨¶þ£©¸Ö½á¹¹¡¢Íø¼ÜºÍË÷Ĥ½á¹¹°²×°¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨Èý£©È˹¤ÍÚ¿××®¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨ËÄ£©Ë®ÏÂ×÷Òµ¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨Î壩װÅäʽ½¨Öþ»ìÄýÍÁÔ¤Öƹ¹¼þ°²×°¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨Áù£©²ÉÓÃм¼Êõ¡¢Ð¹¤ÒÕ¡¢Ð²ÄÁÏ¡¢ÐÂÉ豸¿ÉÄÜÓ°Ï칤³ÌÊ©¹¤°²È«£¬ÉÐÎÞ¹ú¼Ò¡¢ÐÐÒµ¼°µØ·½¼¼Êõ±ê×¼µÄ·Ö²¿·ÖÏ³Ì¡£
³¬¹ýÒ»¶¨¹æÄ£µÄΣÏÕÐԽϴóµÄ·Ö²¿·ÖÏ³Ì·¶Î§
Ò»¡¢Éî»ù¿Ó¹¤³Ì
¿ªÍÚÉî¶È³¬¹ý5m£¨º¬5m£©µÄ»ù¿Ó£¨²Û£©µÄÍÁ·½¿ªÍÚ¡¢Ö§»¤¡¢½µË®¹¤³Ì¡£
¶þ¡¢Ä£°å¹¤³Ì¼°Ö§³ÅÌåϵ
£¨Ò»£©¸÷À๤¾ßʽģ°å¹¤³Ì£º°üÀ¨»¬Ä£¡¢ÅÀÄ£¡¢·ÉÄ£¡¢ËíµÀÄ£µÈ¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨¶þ£©»ìÄýÍÁÄ£°åÖ§³Å¹¤³Ì£º´îÉè¸ß¶È8m¼°ÒÔÉÏ£¬»ò´îÉè¿ç¶È18m¼°ÒÔÉÏ£¬»òÊ©¹¤×ܺÉÔØ£¨Éè¼ÆÖµ£©15kN/m2¼°ÒÔÉÏ£¬»ò¼¯ÖÐÏߺÉÔØ£¨Éè¼ÆÖµ£©20kN/m¼°ÒÔÉÏ¡£
£¨Èý£©³ÐÖØÖ§³ÅÌåϵ£ºÓÃÓڸֽṹ°²×°µÈÂúÌÃÖ§³ÅÌåϵ£¬³ÐÊܵ¥µã¼¯ÖкÉÔØ7kN¼°ÒÔÉÏ¡£
Èý¡¢ÆðÖصõ×°¼°ÆðÖØ»úе°²×°²ðж¹¤³Ì
£¨Ò»£©²ÉÓ÷dz£¹æÆðÖØÉ豸¡¢·½·¨£¬ÇÒµ¥¼þÆðµõÖØÁ¿ÔÚ100kN¼°ÒÔÉϵÄÆðÖصõ×°¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨¶þ£©ÆðÖØÁ¿300kN¼°ÒÔÉÏ£¬»ò´îÉè×ܸ߶È200m¼°ÒÔÉÏ£¬»ò´îÉè»ù´¡±ê¸ßÔÚ200m¼°ÒÔÉϵÄÆðÖØ»úе°²×°ºÍ²ðж¹¤³Ì¡£
ËÄ¡¢½ÅÊּܹ¤³Ì
£¨Ò»£©´îÉè¸ß¶È50m¼°ÒÔÉϵÄÂäµØʽ¸Ö¹Ü½ÅÊּܹ¤³Ì¡£
£¨¶þ£©ÌáÉý¸ß¶ÈÔÚ150m¼°ÒÔÉϵĸ½×ÅʽÉý½µ½ÅÊּܹ¤³Ì»ò¸½×ÅʽÉý½µ²Ù×÷ƽ̨¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨Èý£©·Ö¶Î¼ÜÌå´îÉè¸ß¶È20m¼°ÒÔÉϵÄÐüÌôʽ½ÅÊּܹ¤³Ì¡£
Îå¡¢²ð³ý¹¤³Ì
£¨Ò»£©ÂëÍ·¡¢ÇÅÁº¡¢¸ß¼Ü¡¢ÑÌ´Ñ¡¢Ë®Ëþ»ò²ð³ýÖÐÈÝÒ×ÒýÆðÓж¾Óк¦Æø£¨Òº£©Ìå»ò·Û³¾À©É¢¡¢Ò×ȼÒ×±¬Ê¹ʷ¢ÉúµÄÌØÊ⽨¡¢¹¹ÖþÎïµÄ²ð³ý¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨¶þ£©ÎÄÎï±£»¤½¨Öþ¡¢ÓÅÐãÀúÊ·½¨Öþ»òÀúÊ·ÎÄ»¯·çòÇøÓ°Ï췶ΧÄڵIJð³ý¹¤³Ì¡£
Áù¡¢°µÍÚ¹¤³Ì
²ÉÓÿóɽ·¨¡¢¶Ü¹¹·¨¡¢¶¥¹Ü·¨Ê©¹¤µÄËíµÀ¡¢¶´ÊÒ¹¤³Ì¡£
Æß¡¢ÆäËü
£¨Ò»£©Ê©¹¤¸ß¶È50m¼°ÒÔÉϵĽ¨ÖþĻǽ°²×°¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨¶þ£©¿ç¶È36m¼°ÒÔÉϵĸֽṹ°²×°¹¤³Ì£¬»ò¿ç¶È60m¼°ÒÔÉϵÄÍø¼ÜºÍË÷Ĥ½á¹¹°²×°¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨Èý£©¿ªÍÚÉî¶È16m¼°ÒÔÉϵÄÈ˹¤ÍÚ¿××®¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨ËÄ£©Ë®ÏÂ×÷Òµ¹¤³Ì¡£
£¨Î壩ÖØÁ¿1000kN¼°ÒÔÉϵĴóÐͽṹÕûÌ嶥Éý¡¢Æ½ÒÆ¡¢×ªÌåµÈÊ©¹¤¹¤ÒÕ¡£
£¨Áù£©²ÉÓÃм¼Êõ¡¢Ð¹¤ÒÕ¡¢Ð²ÄÁÏ¡¢ÐÂÉ豸¿ÉÄÜÓ°Ï칤³ÌÊ©¹¤°²È«£¬ÉÐÎÞ¹ú¼Ò¡¢ÐÐÒµ¼°µØ·½¼¼Êõ±ê×¼µÄ·Ö²¿·ÖÏ³Ì¡£
2 ÈçºÎʵÏÖ¶ÔΣ´ó¹¤³Ì¸ßÖÊÁ¿¼àÀí
2.1 ±àÖÆΣ´ó¹¤³ÌÇåµ¥ºÍרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸¼Æ»®
¾ßÌ幤×÷ÍƽøÈçÏ£º
£¨1£©×ܼàÓ¦½áºÏÏà¹Ø¹¤³ÌÖÊÁ¿¼ìÑéÆÀ¶¨±ê×¼¡¢Ê©¹¤Éè¼ÆÎļþµÈÏà¹Ø¹æ¶¨£¬ÉóºËÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»É걨µÄµ¥Î»¡¢·Ö²¿¡¢·ÖÏ³Ì»®·Ö£¬ÎªÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»¿ªÕ¹Î£´ó¹¤³ÌÆÀ¹À¼°±àÖÆΣ´ó¹¤³ÌÇåµ¥º»Êµ»ù´¡¡£
£¨2£©¼àÀí»ú¹¹Ó¦Ñ¡Åɸ»ÓÐÊ©¹¤¼àÀí¾ÑéµÄ¼àÀíÈËÔ±£¬²ÎÓëÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»×éÖ¯µÄ°²È«·çÏÕ±æʶÓëÆÀ¹À¹¤×÷¡£
£¨3£©¼àÀí»ú¹¹Ó¦¸ù¾Ýµ¥Î»¡¢·Ö²¿¼°·ÖÏ³ÌµÄ»®·ÖºÍ·çÏÕÆÀ¹À±¨¸æ£¬Éó²éÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»É걨µÄΣ´ó¹¤³ÌÇåµ¥¡£Î£´ó¹¤³ÌÇåµ¥ÖÐÓ¦Ã÷È·Ðë±àÖƵÄרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸²¢¾×¨¼ÒÂÛÖ¤Éó²é£¬£¬Î£´ó¹¤³ÌÇåµ¥Ðë¾×ܼàÉóÅú£¬±¨±¸½¨É赥λ¼°¼àÀí¹«Ë¾¡£
£¨4£©Ê©¹¤µ¥Î»¼¼Êõ¸ºÔðÈËÓ¦¸ù¾ÝÒÑÉóÅúµÄ×ÜÌå½ø¶È¼Æ»®¡¢Î£´ó¹¤³ÌÇåµ¥µÈ£¬ºÏÀíÈ·¶¨¸÷רÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸±àÖÆ¡¢ÉóºË¡¢£¨ÂÛÖ¤£©¡¢ÉóÅú¡¢ÊµÊ©µÈ¹¤×÷¼Æ»®¡£×¨ÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸¼Æ»®¾×ܼàÉóÅú£¬±¨±¸½¨É赥λ¼°¼àÀíµ¥Î»¡£
2.2 ±àÖÆΣ´ó¹¤³ÌרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸
ÔÚÊ©¹¤×¼±¸½×¶Î£¬Ê©¹¤µ¥Î»Ó¦¹æ·¶Î£´ó¹¤³ÌרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸±àÖÆ¡¢ÉóºË¡¢É걨¹¤×÷Á÷³Ì¡£
£¨1£©ºËʵʩ¹¤µ¥Î»·½°¸±àÖÆС×é³ÉÔ±£º±àÖƳö½ÏÍêÕûµÄ·½°¸£¬Ê©¹¤µ¥Î»Ó¦³ÉÁ¢¼¼Êõ¹«¹ØС×飬Öƶ©·½°¸±àÖƼƻ®£¬¼àÀí»ú¹¹Ó¦²ÎÓëÊÕ¼¯Ïà¹Ø×ÊÁÏ£¬²é¿´Éè¼ÆÎļþ¡¢ÉîÈëʵµØµ÷²éµÈ¡£
£¨2£©¹æ·¶Ê©¹¤µ¥Î»·½°¸ÉóºË¹¤×÷Á÷³Ì£º¼ì²éÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»ÊÇ·ñ½¨Á¢ÄÚ²¿µÄרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸ÉóºËС×飬Ðγɹ淶ÄÚ²¿ÉóºËÁ÷³Ì£»ÊÇ·ñʵÐÐÁËÄÚ²¿²ã¼¶ÉóºËÖÆ»ò×ۺϻáÉóÖÆ¡£
£¨3£©ºËʵʩ¹¤µ¥Î»·½°¸±àÖÆ¿ò¼ÜÌåϵ£º¶ÔÓ¦¼àÀí¹¤³Ìʦ²ÎÓë·½°¸¿ò¼ÜÌåϵ±àÖÆ£¬¸ù¾ÝÊ©¹¤ºÏͬ¡¢Éè¼ÆÎļþ¡¢×ÜÊ©×é¡¢·çÏÕÆÀ¹À¡¢Ó¦¼±Ô¤°¸µÈÏà¹ØÒªÇ󣬽áºÏÊ©¹¤ÏÖ³¡Öܱ߻·¾³¡¢µØÖÊË®ÎÄ¡¢ÆøºòÌõ¼þ¡¢µØϹÜÏßµÈÒòËØ£¬ÄâÈ·¶¨×¨ÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸±àÖÆ¿ò¼ÜÌåϵ£¬ÊÕ¼¯Óë¸ÃΣ´ó¹¤³ÌÏà¹Ø×ÊÁÏ¡£
2.3 Éó²éΣ´ó¹¤³ÌרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸
Σ´ó¹¤³ÌרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸µÄÉó²éÖ÷ÒªÔðÈÎÈËÊÇ×ܼ࣬×ܼàÓ¦×éÖ¯¼àÀí»ú¹¹Ïà¹Øר¼à¡¢¼àÀíÔ±²ÎÓëÉó²é¡£³¬¹ýÒ»¶¨¹æÄ£µÄΣ´ó¹¤³ÌרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸Ó¦ÓÉÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»×é֯ר¼ÒÂÛÖ¤¡¢Éó²é¡£
2.3.1¡¡×ܼà×éÖ¯Éó²é
ÔÚÉó²éΣ´ó¹¤³ÌרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸Ç°£¬¼àÀí»ú¹¹Ó¦ÏȳÉÁ¢·½°¸Éó²éС×飬һ°ãÓÉ×ܼࡢר¼à£¨ÖÊÁ¿¡¢°²È«¡¢ÊÔÑéµÈ£©¡¢¼àÀíÔ±×é³É¡£
£¨1£©¼àÀí»ú¹¹Ó¦ÊÕ¼¯Ïà¹ØÉó²é¹¤×÷ÒÀ¾Ý£¬ºË²é±àÖÆÒÀ¾ÝÊÇ·ñ²ÉÓÃ×îгǫ̈µÄÏà¹ØÒÀ¾Ý¡£ÓÉ×ܼàÏÈÉó²éרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸¿ò¼ÜÌåϵÊÇ·ñÍêÕû£¬·½°¸Ö÷ÒªÄÚÈÝÊÇ·ñ·ûºÏÇ¿ÖÆÐÔ±ê×¼£¨¹ú¼Ò±ê×¼¡¢ÐÐÒµ±ê×¼£©£»ÔÙÓÉר¼àºÍ¼àÀíÔ±¶Ô·½°¸Ï¸²¿ÄÚÈݶÔÕÕ¼¼Êõ¹æ·¶¡¢×ÜÊ©×é¡¢Éè¼ÆͼµÈ½øÐзûºÏÐÔÉó²é¡£
£¨2£©Éó²é¹¤³Ì¸Å¿ö£¬¶ÔÕÕÊ©¹¤Éè¼Æͼ£¬È·¶¨Ïà¹ØÖØÒª²ÎÊý£¬°üÀ¨È·¶¨¶ÔÖܱßÊ©¹¤»·¾³¡¢¹ÜÏß½»µ×ÄÚÈÝ¡¢½»²æÓ°Ï췶Χ¡¢Ë®ÎĵØÖÊ¡¢ÆøºòÆøÏóµÈÌõ¼þµÄÃèÊöÊÇ·ñÍêÕû£¬Ò»°ã°üÀ¨¹¤³Ì»ù±¾Çé¿ö¡¢Ê©¹¤Æ½Ãæ²¼Öá¢Ê©¹¤ÒªÇó¡¢¼¼ÊõÌõ¼þµÈ¡£
£¨3£©Éó²éÊ©¹¤¼Æ»®£¬È·¶¨Î£´ó¹¤³ÌÊ©¹¤½ø¶È¼Æ»®¡¢ÈËÔ±¡¢É豸»ú¾ß¡¢²ÄÁÏÓë°ë³ÉÆ·½ø³¡¼Æ»®¡¢·ÑÓÃʹÓüƻ®µÈÊÇ·ñÂú×ãÊ©¹¤ÒªÇ󣬰üÀ¨ÈËÔ±¹¤ÖÖ¼°ÊýÁ¿¡¢»úеÐͺÅ×éºÏ¼°ÊýÁ¿¡¢²ÄÁÏÃû³Æ¼°ÊýÁ¿µÈÓ¦ÃèÊöÍêÕû¡£
£¨4£©Éó²éÊ©¹¤×éÖ¯¼°¹¤ÒÕ¼¼Êõ£¬°üÀ¨Ê©¹¤µ¥Î»Áìµ¼¡¢Ö°ÄÜ¡¢²Ù×÷²ãµÄ×éÖ¯»ú¹¹¼°Ïà¹ØÊ©¹¤ÈËÔ±Ö°Ôð·Ö¹¤¡¢¼¼Êõ²ÎÊý¡¢¹¤ÒÕÁ÷³Ì¡¢Ê©¹¤·½·¨¡¢¼ì²éÑéÊÕ¡¢¿ØÖÆ´ëÊ©µÈ¡£¶Ô²»·ûºÏÒªÇóµÄÓ¦ÊéÃæժ¼£¬Ìá½»·½°¸±àÖÆÈËÐ޸ġ£
£¨5£©Éó²éÖÊÁ¿¡¢°²È«¡¢»·¾³µÈ±£Ö¤´ëÊ©£¬°üÀ¨×éÖ¯´ëÊ©¡¢¼¼Êõ´ëÊ©¡¢·çÏÕÔ´¸æÖª¡¢°²È«·À·¶´ëÊ©¡¢Ó¦¼±Ô¤°¸»òÓ¦¼±´¦Öᢼà¿Ø¼à²âµÈ£¬¶ÔȱÏî»ò²»ÍêÕû²¿Î»Ó¦½øÐÐÖ¸ÕýÓëÐ޸ġ£
£¨6£©¹æ·¶·½°¸ÖÐÏà¹Ø¼ÆËã»òÑéËãÊ飬¸´ºË¼ÆËãÊéÖвο¼ÎÄÏס¢¼ÆË㹫ʽ¡¢È¡ÖµÒýÓᢼÆËã¹ý³Ì¡¢ÈÝÐíֵȷ¶¨µÈÖØÒªÄÚÈÝ£¬¼ÆËãÊéÇ©×Ö¡¢¸ÇÕÂÊÇ·ñÍêÕû¡£Èç²ÉÓüÆËã»úÄ£ÐÍÈí¼þ¼ÆËãϵͳ£¬Ã÷È·Èí¼þÃû³Æ£¬Ó¦¸½ÑéËãÄ£ÐÍÈýάÑéËãͼ»òÑéËã½á¹û£¬²¢Í¨¹ýÄ£ÐÍÑÕÉ«Éîdz±êʶ·´Ó³ÊÜÁ¦Ó°Ïì³Ì¶È¡£
£¨7£©Éó²é·½°¸¸½¼þÖлæÖÆÊ©¹¤Í¼±íÉè¼ÆÊÇ·ñÍêÕû£¬Ê©¹¤µ¥Î»Ó¦¹æ·¶»æÖƹ¤³ÌÉè¼Æͼ¡¢Ïà¹ØƽÃæͼ¡¢Ó빤³ÌÓÃ±í£¬²¢¸²¸ÇΣ´ó¹¤³ÌÊ©¹¤È«¹ý³Ì¡£
£¨8£©»ý¼«¹ÄÀøÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»²ÉÓô´Ð¿Ƽ¼ÊֶΣ¬ÔËÓõ½Î£´ó¹¤³ÌרÏî·½°¸±àÖÆÌåϵÖУ¬ÈçBIM¼¼ÊõÔËÓᢼà²â¼à¿Øϵͳ¡¢´«Ã½ÊÓƵ¹Ü¿ØµÈ¡£
2.3.2 ¡¡×¨¼ÒÂÛÖ¤ºÍÉó²é
¶ÔÓÚ³¬¹ýÒ»¶¨¹æÄ£µÄΣ´ó¹¤³Ì£¬Ê©¹¤µ¥Î»Ó¦µ±×éÖ¯ÕÙ¿ª×¨¼ÒÂÛÖ¤»á¶ÔרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸½øÐÐÂÛÖ¤¡£ÊµÐÐÊ©¹¤×ܳаüµÄ£¬ÓÉÊ©¹¤×ܳаüµ¥Î»×éÖ¯ÕÙ¿ª×¨¼ÒÂÛÖ¤»á¡£×¨¼ÒÂÛ֤ǰרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸Ó¦µ±Í¨¹ýÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»ÉóºËºÍ×ܼàÀí¹¤³ÌʦÉó²é¡£
ר¼ÒÂÛÖ¤»áºó£¬Ó¦µ±ÐγÉÂÛÖ¤±¨¸æ£¬¶ÔרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸Ìá³öͨ¹ý¡¢Ð޸ĺóͨ¹ý»òÕß²»Í¨¹ýµÄÒ»ÖÂÒâ¼û¡£×¨¼Ò¶ÔÂÛÖ¤±¨¸æ¸ºÔð²¢Ç©×ÖÈ·ÈÏ¡£
רÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸¾ÂÛÖ¤ÐèÐ޸ĺóͨ¹ýµÄ£¬Ê©¹¤µ¥Î»Ó¦µ±¸ù¾ÝÂÛÖ¤±¨¸æÐÞ¸ÄÍêÉƺó£¬×¨ÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸Ó¦µ±ÓÉÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»¼¼Êõ¸ºÔðÈËÉóºËÇ©×Ö¡¢¼Ó¸Çµ¥Î»¹«Õ£¬²¢ÓÉ×ܼàÀí¹¤³ÌʦÉó²éÇ©×Ö¡¢¼Ó¸ÇÖ´ÒµÓ¡Õº󷽿Éʵʩ¡£
רÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸¾ÂÛÖ¤²»Í¨¹ýµÄ£¬Ê©¹¤µ¥Î»Ð޸ĺóÓ¦µ±°´ÕÕ±¾¹æ¶¨µÄÒªÇóÖØÐÂ×é֯ר¼ÒÂÛÖ¤¡£
¡¾²Î»áÈËÔ±¡¿
³¬¹ýÒ»¶¨¹æÄ£µÄΣ´ó¹¤³ÌרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸×¨¼ÒÂÛÖ¤»áµÄ²Î»áÈËÔ±Ó¦µ±°üÀ¨£º
£¨Ò»£©×¨¼Ò£¨×¨¼ÒÓ¦µ±´ÓµØ·½ÈËÃñÕþ¸®×¡·¿³ÇÏ罨ÉèÖ÷¹Ü²¿ÃŽ¨Á¢µÄר¼Ò¿âÖÐÑ¡È¡£¬·ûºÏרҵҪÇóÇÒÈËÊý²»µÃÉÙÓÚ5Ãû£¬Óë±¾¹¤³ÌÓÐÀûº¦¹ØϵµÄÈËÔ±²»µÃÒÔר¼ÒÉí·Ý²Î¼Óר¼ÒÂÛÖ¤»á£©£»
£¨¶þ£©½¨É赥λÏîÄ¿¸ºÔðÈË£»
£¨Èý£©Óйؿ±²ì¡¢Éè¼Æµ¥Î»ÏîÄ¿¼¼Êõ¸ºÔðÈ˼°Ïà¹ØÈËÔ±£»
£¨ËÄ£©×ܳаüµ¥Î»ºÍ·Ö°üµ¥Î»¼¼Êõ¸ºÔðÈË»òÊÚȨίÅɵÄרҵ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±¡¢ÏîÄ¿¸ºÔðÈË¡¢ÏîÄ¿¼¼Êõ¸ºÔðÈË¡¢×¨ÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸±àÖÆÈËÔ±¡¢ÏîĿרְ°²È«Éú²ú¹ÜÀíÈËÔ±¼°Ïà¹ØÈËÔ±£»
£¨Î壩¼àÀíµ¥Î»ÏîÄ¿×ܼàÀí¹¤³Ìʦ¼°×¨Òµ¼àÀí¹¤³Ìʦ¡£
¡¾ÂÛÖ¤ÄÚÈÝ¡¿
¶ÔÓÚ³¬¹ýÒ»¶¨¹æÄ£µÄΣ´ó¹¤³ÌרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸£¬×¨¼ÒÂÛÖ¤µÄÖ÷ÒªÄÚÈÝÓ¦µ±°üÀ¨£º
£¨Ò»£©×¨ÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸ÄÚÈÝÊÇ·ñÍêÕû¡¢¿ÉÐУ»
£¨¶þ£©×¨ÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸¼ÆËãÊéºÍÑéËãÒÀ¾Ý¡¢Ê©¹¤Í¼ÊÇ·ñ·ûºÏÓйرê×¼¹æ·¶£»
£¨Èý£©×¨ÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸ÊÇ·ñÂú×ãÏÖ³¡Êµ¼ÊÇé¿ö£¬²¢Äܹ»È·±£Ê©¹¤°²È«¡£
2.4 ʵʩΣ´ó¹¤³Ì¼àÀí
£¨1£©×ܼàÓ¦¶ÔÕÕ·½°¸ÖÐÖÊÁ¿¡¢°²È«×éÖ¯»ú¹¹ºÍ»·±£¡¢Ó¦¼±Ô¤°¸µÈÁ쵼С×éÃûµ¥£¬ºË²é¾ßÌåÈËÔ±µ½¸ÚÂÄÖ°Çé¿ö£¬±ØҪʱ½øÐп¼ºË¡£¶Ô²»³ÆÖ°»ò²»ÂÄÖ°µÄ£¬Ó¦ÒªÇóÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»¸ü»»£¬²¢ÊéÃæ֪ͨµ½ÏîÄ¿¸ºÔðÈË¡£
£¨2£©×ܼàÓ¦×éÖ¯ºË²éÊ©¹¤ÏÖ³¡¡¢Ê©¹¤ÒªËØ¡¢×÷Òµ»·¾³µÈ×¼±¸Çé¿ö£¬ÊÇ·ñÔÚÏÔÖøλÖù«Ê¾Î£´ó¹¤³ÌÃû³Æ¡¢Î£ÏÕÔ´¡¢Ê©¹¤Ê±¼äºÍÏà¹ØÔðÈÎÈË£¬²¢ÔÚΣÏÕÇøÓòÉèÖð²È«¾¯Ê¾±êÖ¾¡£
£¨3£©×ܼà×éÖ¯Ïà¹Ø¼àÀíÈËÔ±²Î¼ÓÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»×¨ÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸½»µ×£¬²¢ºË²éÊ©¹¤ÏÖ³¡¹ÜÀíÈËÔ±¶Ô×÷ÒµÈËÔ±°²È«¼¼Êõ½»µ×ÊÇ·ñµ½Î»£¬¶Ô×÷ÒµÈËÔ±Åàѵ½ÌÓý¡¢ÀͶ¯ÓÃÆ·Åå´÷¡¢ÌØÖÖ¹¤³ÖÖ¤ÉϸڵȽøÐÐÉóºË¡£
£¨4£©×ܼàÓ¦×éÖ¯¿ªÕ¹·Ö²¿·ÖÏ³Ì¿ª¹¤Ç°°²È«Éú²úÌõ¼þºË²é£¬·ûºÏÌõ¼þµÄ£¬ÓÉ×ܼàÉóÅú£»²»·ûºÏÌõ¼þµÄ£¬Ó¦¶½´ÙÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»¼ÌÐøÕû¸ÄÍêÉÆ¡£
£¨5£©¼àÀí»ú¹¹Ó¦Ñϸñ¶ÔÕÕרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸ÂÄÐÐÏà¹Ø¼àÀíÖƶȣ¬È磺Ê×¼þ¹¤³ÌÈÏ¿ÉÖÆ¡¢¹¤Ðò¼ì²éÑéÊÕÖÆ¡¢ÁÙ½¨ÉèÊ©¼ì²éÑéÊÕÖÆ¡¢²ÄÁϽø³¡ÑéÊÕÖƵȣ¬²¢Ó¦Ðγɼì²éÑéÊռǼ¡¢Ó°Ïñ×ÊÁÏ£¬Ç¿»¯¶àÖعܿأ¬²»ÁôÒþ»¼¡£
£¨6£©ÔÚרÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸ÊµÊ©½×¶Î£¬¼àÀí»ú¹¹Ó¦Í¨¹ýÅÔÕ¾¡¢Ñ²ÊÓ¡¢¼ì²éÓëÑéÊÕ¡¢¼ì²âÓë¼à¿Ø¡¢×Éѯר¼Ò¡¢ÓëÏÖ³¡ÈËÔ±½»Ì¸µÈ¶àÖؼàÀíÊֶΣ¬È«ÃæÕÆÎÕ·½°¸Ö´ÐÐÇé¿ö¡£ÓÈÆäÒª¶Ô¹¤³Ì¹Ø¼ü²¿Î»¡¢Òþ±Î¹¤³Ì¡¢Î£ÏÕ×÷ÒµµÈ½øÐкËʵÓë¹Ü¿Ø¡£
£¨7£©¼àÀí»ú¹¹·¢ÏÖÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»Î´°´×¨ÏîÊ©¹¤·½°¸ÊµÊ©Ê±£¬Ó¦Ç©·¢¼àÀíÖ¸Áîµ¥£¬ÒªÇóÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»Õû¸Ä¡£·¢ÏÖ´æÔÚ°²È«Òþ»¼µÄ£¬Ó¦ÒªÇóÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»Õû¸Ä£»Çé¿öÑÏÖصģ¬Ó¦ÒªÇóÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»Í£Ö¹Ê©¹¤£¬²¢¼°Ê±±¨¸æ½¨É赥룬Èç¾Ü²»Õû¸Ä»òÕß²»Í£Ö¹Ê©¹¤µÄ£¬¼àÀí»ú¹¹Ó¦¼°Ê±ÏòÓйØÖ÷¹Ü²¿Ãű¨¸æ¡£
£¨8£©¿ªÕ¹¶Ô·Ö²¿·ÖÏ³Ì½»¹¤ÑéÊÕ£¬¶ÔÏÖ³¡Î£ÏÕÐԽϴó²¿Î»£¨Ö§¼Ü¡¢É豸¡¢ÁÙµçµÈ£©²ð³ý¡¢É豸³·³¡¡¢°²È«ÉèÊ©»Ö¸´¡¢³ÉÆ·±£»¤µÈÓ¦¶½´ÙÊ©¹¤µ¥Î»¹ÜÀíÈËÔ±¸ú×Ùµ½µ×£¬²»ÁôÈκÎÒþ»¼¡£
